Vindhya Pradesh is a former state of India. It lay between Uttar Pradesh to the north and Madhya Pradesh to the south. The Bagelkhand region lies in the center of Vindhya Pradesh, while the western part of the state includes part of Bundelkhand. Vindhya Pradesh was created in 1948 from the merger of several former princely states. It was named for the Vindhya Range, which runs through the center of the province. The capital was Rewa.

Vindhya Pradesh, together with the states of Madhya Bharat and Bhopal, was merged into Madhya Pradesh on November 1, 1956.

In 2000, Srinivas Tiwari , speaker of the Madhya Pradesh assembly, advocated that nine districts be separated from Madhya Pradesh to create a new state of Vindhya Pradesh.