Scottish Unionists are those committed to maintaining Scotland's position within the United Kingdom and opposing Scottish nationalism. They are often associated with Orange Order, and cultural manifestations of their presence include Orange Marches and support for the Glasgow Rangers F.C. Like their ideological (and ethnic) cousins, the Unionists of Northern Ireland, Scottish unionists usually defend conservative institutions like the military, the established church, and the monarchy, though their conservatism is often working-class and populist in character.

Electorally, Scottish unionists have generally voted for the Conservative Party, whose full name is the "Conservative and Unionist Party" and who have often gone by the shorter name of "Unionist Party" in Scotland. The unionist geographic stronghold is in the west central belt of Scotland, centred around Glasgow, where a traditional "orange vote" resides. There is also a small Scottish Unionist Party which broke from the Conservatives in opposition to the Anglo-Irish Agreement; and UKIP is unionist in character as well.

Unionism in Scotland is by no means as strongly entrenched as it is in Northern Ireland. For one thing, unionist politics are not central to the identity of a distinctive community, as they have traditionally been among Irish Protestants. Moreover, unionism has been in steep decline since the popular reaction against the Thatcher years. In the 1997 general election the Conservatives lost every Scottish seat, and in 1999 the "Yes" side won a decisive vote in the referendum to establish the Scottish Parliament.

See also Loyalists in Scotland for the more militant branch of Scottish unionism.