Tricameralism is the practice of having three legislative or parliamentary chambers. The term was used in South Africa to describe the Parliament established under the apartheid regime's new Constitution in 1984.

Other instances of tricameral legislatures in history include Simón Bolívar's model state.

The word could also describe the French States-General, which had three 'estates' - but this was abolished before it could become a true legislature.

See also: Unicameralism, Bicameralism