Thelxinoe (thel-zin'-oh-ee, Greek Θελξινόη) is a natural satellite of Jupiter. It orbits Jupiter at a distance of roughly 20.7 Gm. Thelxinoe is about 2 kilometres in diameter.

It was discovered by a team of astronomers from the University of Hawaii led by Scott S. Sheppard, et al. in 2004 from pictures taken in 2003. It received the temporary designation S/2003 J 22. It is also designated Jupiter XLII.

It is named after Thelxinoe , one of the four original Muses according to some Greek writers, and a daughter of Zeus (Jupiter) by Mnemosyne.

Thelxinoe belongs to the Ananke group, retrograde irregular moons which orbit Jupiter between 19.3 and 22.7 Gm, at inclinations of roughly 150°.