Rodhopi is one of the fifty-one prefectures of Greece. It is within the East Macedonia and Thrace periphery.

The capital of the prefecture is the city of Komotini .

The greatest part of the only officially recognized religious minority in Greece, the Greek Muslim minority , is settled in this area. There has been considerable discourse between Greece and Turkey concerning the issue of whether the minority is a religious or an ethnic one. The Greek state recognizes this group as a religious minority of Greek Muslims, whereas the Turkish state regards them as Turkish Muslims.