Robert of Ketton was a medieval theologian.

Believed to have been educated at the Cathedral School of Paris, in 1134 he travelled to France, the Byzantine Empire, and the Crusader States in Palestine with fellow scholar Herman of Carinthia. He became the Archdeacon of Pamplona and in 1143 he was commissioned by Peter the Venerable, abbot of Cluny, to translate the Qur'an into Latin. Entitled Lex Mahumet pseudoprophete, it was the first translation of the book into a European language and remained the standard well into the sixteenth century.