Robert Bruce Salter (born December 15, 1924), C.C. , M.D., D.Sc., F.R.S.C. is a Canadian surgeon and a pioneer in the field of pediatric orthopaedic surgery.

Born in Stratford, Ontario, he graduated in medicine from the University of Toronto in 1947. He worked at the Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto and later was appointed Surgeon-in-Chief.

In 1995 he was inducted into the Canadian Medical Hall of Fame.

He was made an Officer of the Order of Canada in 1977 and was promoted to Companion in 1997.