In history, a restoration is a historical episode under which a previous government of an area is reinstated.
In the History of England the term Restoration has a specific meaning in as much as it is used to describe the process whereby Charles II regained the English throne after the Parliamentarian rule in the wake of the English Civil War. More commonly, though, the Restoration period refers to the subsequent years of Charles II's reign (1660 - 1685). See English Restoration.
The Restoration period in Germany after the failed revolution of 1848
In telecommunications, restoration is action taken to repair and return to service one or more telecommunications services, including repair of a damaged or impaired telecommunications facility, that have a degraded quality of service or have a service outage. Restoration may be done by various means, such as patching, routing, substitution of component parts, or selecting other pathways. (Source: from Federal Standard 1037C and from MIL-STD-188.)
In architecture, the restoration of a building consists of work performed on a building in order to return it to a previous state of conservation.
see also Restoration, a TV show in the UK highlighting buildings at risk.
In dentistry a restoration is the shaped replacement material for lost tooth structure.
Mechanical restoration of vehicles, furniture, appliances, equipment, etc