Pileni is a culturally important island in the Reef Islands, in the northern part of the Solomon Islands province of Temotu. Despite its location in the heart of Melanesia, the population of the islands is Polynesian. The name of the island, Pileni, has also been given to the Samoic-Outlier language spoken there and on the surrounding islands, as well as in the Duff Islands, some 200 miles to the east.