Paleozoology (Greek: paleon = old and zoon = animal) is the branch of paleontology dealing with the recovery and identification of animal remains from archeological (or even geological) contexts, and their use in the reconstruction of past environments and economies.

Animal remains are found in the fossil record from the Cambrian period onwards, although they did not become significant until the Late Devonian period. Animal-derived macrofossils include dinosaurs.

See also: Paleobotany