The Open Brethren (sometimes called Plymouth Brethren) are a group of Protestant Christian churches that arose in the 1840s. They originated in England but have spread. In theology, they are fundamentalist, and in ecclesiastical polity they are presbyterian. The Open Brethren are "open" to anyone who gives verbal confirmation of faith, and this name is given to distinguish them from Exclusive Brethren, with whom they share historical roots. They are committed to missionary work and hold that the Holy Bible is the first authority in matters of faith. Each congregation is independent of the others in doctrinal matters, and yet, in practice, there is a high degree of communication and interdependence between them.
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