Until 308 BC, Carthage was ruled, at least officially, by Kings.

Kings of Carthage, 814 BC-308 BC

• Dido 814-c.760 BC
• unknown
• Hanno I c.580-c.556 BC
• Malchus c.556-c.550 BC
• Mago I c.550-c.530 BC
• Hasdrubal I c.530-c.510 BC
• Hamilcar I c.510-480 BC
• Hanno II 480-440 BC
• Himilco I (in Sicily) 460-410 BC
• Hannibal 440-406 BC
• Himilco II 406-396 BC
• Mago II 396-375 BC
• vacant 375-340 BC
• Hanno the Great 340-337 BC
• Gisco 337-330 BC
• Hamilcar II 330-309 BC
• Bomilcar 309-308 BC

In 480 BC, following Hamilcar I's death, the King lost most of his power to an aristocratic Council of Elders. In 308 BC, Bomilcar attempted a coup to restore the monarch to full power, but failed, which led to Carthage becoming in name as well as in fact a republic.