This is a list of Canadians by the ethnic identification or identifications they chose to list on their census form. The relevant census question asked for the ethnicity or nationality of Canadians' ancestors and not the Canadians themselves specifically, however. So, the labels are not necessarily self-identifications. Also, many Canadians acknowledged multiple ancestries.

• Only Canadian - 6,748,135
• English-Canadian - 5,978,875
• French-Canadian - 4,668,410
• Scottish-Canadian - 4,157,210
• Irish Canadian - 3,822,660
• German-Canadian - 2,742,765
• Italian-Canadian - 1,270,370
• Chinese-Canadian - 1,094,700
• Ukrainian Canadian - 1,071,060
• First Nations - 1,000,890
• Dutch-Canadians - 923,310
• Polish-Canadian - 817,085
• Indo-Canadian - 713,330
• Black Canadian - 662,215
• Norwegian-Canadian - 363,760
• Portuguese-Canadian - 357,690
• Welsh-Canadian - 350,365
• Jewish-Canadian - 348,605
• Russian-Canadian - 337,960
• Filipino-Canadian - 327,550
• Métis - 307,845
• Swedish-Canadian - 282,760
• Hungarian-Canadian - 267,255
• American-Canadian - 250,005
• Greek-Canadian - 215,105
• Spanish-Canadian - 213,105
• Jamaican-Canadian - 211,720
• Danish-Canadian - 170,780
• Vietnamese-Canadian - 151,410
• Japanese-Canadian - 85,230

Source Statistics Canada, Canada 2001 Census. [1]