Bay laurelLaurus nobilis, the original true laurel that is the source of bay leaves used as a seasoning. It was also the source of the laurel wreath of ancient Greece, and therefore the expression of "resting on one's laurels".
Azores Laurel Laurus azorica is the only other species in the same genus.
California laurelUmbellularia californica is a related tree or large shrub.
Other unrelated plants that have been mis-named as laurels:
Cherry laurel, often just called laurel in gardens, is an evergreen cherry, Prunus laurocerasus.
Portugal laurel is also an evergreen cherry, Prunus lusitanica.