The Kawanishi Aircraft Company was a Japanese aircraft manufacturer during World War II.

It was founded in 1920 in Hyogo prefecture as an outgrowth of the Kawanishi conglomerate, which had been funding the Nakajima Aircraft Company.

While Kawanishi was best known for its seaplanes such as the H8K flying boat, its N1K-J land-based fighter was considered one of the best in the war.

After Japan's defeat, the company was reborn as Shin Meiwa Industries (later ShinMaywa), and continued to create flying boats such as the PS-1.