John Vining (1758–1802) was an early member of Congress from the U.S. state of Delaware.

Vining was born in Kent Country, Delaware on December 23, 1758. He studied law as a young man, being admitted to the law in 1782 and starting a practice in New Castle County. In 1784 he was elected a delegate to the Continental Congress, serving until the next year. In 1787 and 1788 he served in the Delaware House of Representatives . He was then elected to the 1st and 2nd United States Congresses as a Representative. He did not run for reelection to this position but did serve in the Delaware State Senate in early 1793; from that position he was elected by the Delaware state legislature to the United States Senate, serving there from March 4, 1793 until his resignation on January 19, 1799 and subsequent retirement from public life. During his Congressional service, he was generally supportive of the Washington and subsequent Adams administration.

Vining died in February, 1802 and is buried in the Episcopal cemetery in Dover, Delaware.