James Stewart, 4th Duke of Lennox, 1st Duke of Richmond (1612-1655) was a Scottish nobleman

The Scottish connection to the earldom of Richmond began in 1613 when Ludovic Stewart, 2nd Duke of Lennox , was created Earl of Richmond. He was made Duke of Richmond in 1623, when Cobham Hall and the manor of Cobham, Kent, was granted to him by King James I of England, and became the main residence of the family. The titles became extinct upon his death in 1624. His sons, the Lords John and Bernard Stuart, were both killed during the English Civil War.

In 1641 the nephew of Ludovic Stewart, James, 4th Duke of Lennox, was created Duke of Richmond once again uniting the Scottish and English dukedoms. In 1641-42, he served as Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports.