The Italian peninsula or the Apennine peninsula is one of the greatest peninsulas of Europe, spanning 1000 km from the Alps in the north, to the central Mediterranean Sea in the south.

Located in Southern Europe, it consists of three countries:

• Italy, the mainland
• San Marino, which is an enclave of Italy in the NW
• Vatican City, which is an enclave in the Italian city of Rome

The name Apennine comes from the Apennine Mountains.