The European/South American Cup, commonly referred to as the Intercontinental Cup, and also known as the World Club Championship or Toyota Cup, is a football competition endorsed by UEFA and CONMEBOL, contested between the winners of the European Champions' League and the South American Copa Libertadores de América in a match played each December at the Yokohama International Stadium, Japan.
FIFA have announced that, starting in 2005, the Intercontinental Cup will be replaced by the FIFA Club World Championship.
History
The Intercontinental Cup was created by Henri Delauney as a way of determining who is the top club in the world (Europe and South America being the football world's top continents).
Europe already had its European Champions Club Cup, but South America did not have a similar competition. Thus, South American Confederación (CONMEBOL's predecessor) created a similar competition, and named it after the heroes of South American independence. The Copa Libertadores cup made the Intercontinental Cup viable.
The first match-up was in 1960, between Spanish side Real Madrid and the Uruguayan club Peñarol.
Ever since the 1950s (and especially since the 1970s) many talented South Americans crossed the Atlantic to play for European teams, who also tend to be richer. Perhaps as a consequence, South American fans have always attached more importance to the Intercontinental Cup than their European counterparts.
European teams often suffered from the eagerness of South American competitors, which could degenerate into aggressive playing. An especially traumatic event was the 1969 series between Estudiantes and Milan, which resulted in extremely harsh suspensions for many Estudiantes players.
Out of concern for the integrity of players, and also because of the lack of financial incentive, several European champions declined to participate; in all cases, their runners-up took their place. The 1975 and 1978 editions were not disputed at all.
The very viability of the competition came under fire until Toyota assumed the role of sponsor for the 1980 edition; no club has declined playing the Intercontinental Cup ever since.
Cup Format
From 1960 to 1979, the Intercontinental Cup was played in two legs. Between 1960 and 1968, the cup was decided on points only. Because of this format, a third match was needed when both teams were tied on points. From 1969 and onwards, the winner was determined on points and then on aggregate score and away goals.
Since 1980 the cup is awarded to the winner of a single match. Up until 2000, the matches were held at Tokyo's National Stadium. Since 2001 they are held at the Yokohama International Stadium, venue of the 2002 World Cup final.
Intercontinental Cup finals
Single match finals
| Year
| Winner
| Score
| Runner-up
| Venue
|
| 2004
| FC Porto
(POR)
| 0 - 0
aet
| Once Caldas
(COL)
| International Stadium,
Yokohama
|
| 8-7 in penalty shootout
|
| 2003
| Boca Juniors
(ARG)
| 1 - 1
aet
| AC Milan
(ITA)
| International Stadium,
Yokohama
|
| 3-1 in penalty shootout
|
| 2002
| Real Madrid
(ESP)
| 2 - 0
| Olimpia Asunción
(PAR)
| International Stadium,
Yokohama
|
| 2001
| Bayern Munich
(GER)
| 1 - 0
| Boca Juniors
(ARG)
| International Stadium,
Yokohama
|
| 2000
| Boca Juniors
(ARG)
| 2 - 1
| Real Madrid
(ESP)
| National Stadium ,
Tokyo
|
| 1999
| Manchester United
(ENG)
| 1 - 0
| Palmeiras
(BRA)
| National Stadium ,
Tokyo
|
| 1998
| Real Madrid
(ESP)
| 2 - 1
| Vasco da Gama
(BRA)
| National Stadium ,
Tokyo
|
| 1997
| Borussia Dortmund
(GER)
| 2 - 0
| Cruzeiro
(BRA)
| National Stadium ,
Tokyo
|
| 1996
| Juventus
(ITA)
| 1 - 0
| River Plate
(ARG)
| National Stadium ,
Tokyo
|
| 1995
| Ajax
(NED)
| 0 - 0
aet
| Grêmio
(BRA)
| National Stadium ,
Tokyo
|
| 4-3 in penalty shootout
|
| 1994
| Vélez Sarsfield
(ARG)
| 2 - 0
| AC Milan
(ITA)
| National Stadium ,
Tokyo
|
| 1993
| São Paulo
(BRA)
| 3 - 2
| AC Milan
(ITA)
| National Stadium ,
Tokyo
|
European champions Marseille (FRA) were suspended
due to a bribery scandal
|
| 1992
| São Paulo
(BRA)
| 2 - 1
| Barcelona
(ESP)
| National Stadium ,
Tokyo
|
| 1991
| Red Star Belgrade
(YUG)
| 3 - 0
| Colo-Colo
(CHI)
| National Stadium ,
Tokyo
|
| 1990
| AC Milan
(ITA)
| 3 - 0
| Olimpia Asunción
(PAR)
| National Stadium ,
Tokyo
|
| 1989
| AC Milan
(ITA)
| 1 - 0
aet
| Atlético Nacional
(COL)
| National Stadium ,
Tokyo
|
| 1988
| Nacional Montevideo
(URU)
| 2 - 2
aet
| PSV Eindhoven
(NED)
| National Stadium ,
Tokyo
|
| 7-6 in penalty shootout
|
| 1987
| FC Porto
(POR)
| 2 - 1
aet
| Peñarol
(URU)
| National Stadium ,
Tokyo
|
| 1986
| River Plate
(ARG)
| 1 - 0
| Steaua Bucharest
(ROM)
| National Stadium ,
Tokyo
|
| 1985
| Juventus
(ITA)
| 2 - 2
aet
| Argentinos Juniors
(ARG)
| National Stadium ,
Tokyo
|
| 4-2 in penalty shootout
|
| 1984
| Independiente
(ARG)
| 1 - 0
| Liverpool
(ENG)
| National Stadium ,
Tokyo
|
| 1983
| Grêmio
(BRA)
| 2 - 1
aet
| Hamburger SV
(FRG)
| National Stadium ,
Tokyo
|
| 1982
| Peñarol
(URU)
| 2 - 0
| Aston Villa
(ENG)
| National Stadium ,
Tokyo
|
| 1981
| Flamengo
(BRA)
| 3 - 0
| Liverpool
(ENG)
| National Stadium ,
Tokyo
|
| 1980
| Nacional Montevideo
(URU)
| 1 - 0
| Nottingham Forest
(ENG)
| National Stadium ,
Tokyo
|
Two-legged finals
| Year
| Home Team
| Score
| Away Team
| Venue
|
| 1979
| Malmö FF
(SWE)
| 0 - 1
| Olimpia Asunción
(PAR)
| Malmö Stadion ,
Malmö
|
Olimpia Asunción
(PAR)
| 2 - 1
| Malmö FF
(SWE)
| Defensores del Chaco ,
Asunción
|
Olimpia Asunción won 3-1 on aggregate
Note: European champions Nottingham Forest (ENG) declined to play
|
|
| 1978
| NOT HELD
Liverpool (ENG) vs Boca Juniors (ARG)
|
| Both teams declined to play
|
| 1977
| Boca Juniors
(ARG)
| 2 - 2
| Borussia M'gladbach
(FRG)
| La Bombonera,
Buenos Aires
|
Borussia M'gladbach
(FRG)
| 0 - 3
| Boca Juniors
(ARG)
| Wildpark ,
Karlsruhe
|
Boca Juniors won 5-2 on aggregate
Note: European champions Liverpool (ENG) declined to play
|
|
| 1976
| Bayern Munich
(FRG)
| 2 - 0
| Cruzeiro
(BRA)
| Olympiastadion,
Munich
|
Cruzeiro
(BRA)
| 0 - 0
| Bayern Munich
(FRG)
| Mineirão ,
Belo Horizonte
|
| Bayern Munich won 2-0 on aggregate
|
|
| 1975
| NOT HELD
Bayern Munich (FRG) vs Independiente (ARG)
|
| Both teams could not agree on dates to play
|
| 1974
| Independiente
(ARG)
| 1 - 0
| Atlético de Madrid
(ESP)
| La Doble Visera ,
Avellaneda
|
Atlético de Madrid
(ESP)
| 2 - 0
| Independiente
(ARG)
| Vicente Calderón ,
Madrid
|
Atlético de Madrid won 2-1 on aggregate
Note: European champions Bayern Munich (FRG) declined to play
|
|
| 1973
| Juventus
(ITA)
| 0 - 1
| Independiente
(ARG)
| Stadio Olimpico ,
Rome
|
Single match played
Note: European champions Ajax (NED) declined to play
|
| 1972
| Independiente
(ARG)
| 1 - 1
| Ajax
(NED)
| La Doble Visera ,
Avellaneda
|
Ajax
(NED)
| 3 - 0
| Independiente
(ARG)
| Olympic Stadium ,
Amsterdam
|
| Ajax won 4-1 on aggregate
|
|
| 1971
| Panathinaikos
(GRE)
| 1 - 1
| Nacional Montevideo
(URU)
| Karaiskakis ,
Athens
|
Nacional Montevideo
(URU)
| 2 - 1
| Panathinaikos
(GRE)
| Centenario Stadium ,
Montevideo
|
Nacional Montevideo won 3-2 on aggregate
Note: European champions Ajax (NED) declined to play
|
|
| 1970
| Estudiantes La Plata
(ARG)
| 2 - 2
| Feyenoord
(NED)
| La Bombonera,
Buenos Aires
|
Feyenoord
(NED)
| 1 - 0
| Estudiantes La Plata
(ARG)
| De Kuip,
Rotterdam
|
| Feyenoord won 3-2 on aggregate
|
|
| 1969
| AC Milan
(ITA)
| 3 - 0
| Estudiantes La Plata
(ARG)
| San Siro,
Milan
|
Estudiantes La Plata
(ARG)
| 2 - 1
| AC Milan
(ITA)
| La Bombonera,
Buenos Aires
|
| AC Milan won 4-2 on aggregate
|
|
| 1968
| Estudiantes La Plata
(ARG)
| 1 - 0
| Manchester United
(ENG)
| La Bombonera,
Buenos Aires
|
Manchester United
(ENG)
| 1 - 1
| Estudiantes La Plata
(ARG)
| Old Trafford,
Manchester
|
| Estudiantes La Plata won with 3 points
|
|
| 1967
| Celtic
(SCO)
| 1 - 0
| Racing Club
(ARG)
| Hampden Park,
Glasgow
|
Racing Club
(ARG)
| 2 - 1
| Celtic
(SCO)
| El Cilindro ,
Avellaneda
|
Racing Club
(ARG)
| 1 - 0
| Celtic
(SCO)
| Centenario Stadium ,
Montevideo
|
Both teams tied with 2 points each
Racing Club won the decisive playoff match
|
|
| 1966
| Peñarol
(URU)
| 2 - 0
| Real Madrid
(ESP)
| Centenario Stadium ,
Montevideo
|
Real Madrid
(ESP)
| 0 - 2
| Peñarol
(URU)
| Santiago Bernabéu,
Madrid
|
| Peñarol won with 4 points
|
|
| 1965
| Inter Milan
(ITA)
| 3 - 0
| Independiente
(ARG)
| Giuseppe Meazza,
Milan
|
Independiente
(ARG)
| 0 - 0
| Inter Milan
(ITA)
| La Doble Visera ,
Avellaneda
|
| Inter Milan won with 3 points
|
|
| 1964
| Independiente
(ARG)
| 1 - 0
| Inter Milan
(ITA)
| La Doble Visera ,
Avellaneda
|
Inter Milan
(ITA)
| 2 - 0
| Independiente
(ARG)
| Giuseppe Meazza,
Milan
|
Inter Milan
(ITA)
| 1 - 0
aet
| Independiente
(ARG)
| Santiago Bernabéu,
Madrid
|
Both teams tied with 2 points each
Inter Milan won the decisive playoff match
|
|
| 1963
| AC Milan
(ITA)
| 4 - 2
| Santos
(BRA)
| San Siro,
Milan
|
Santos
(BRA)
| 4 - 2
| AC Milan
(ITA)
| Maracanã,
Rio de Janeiro
|
Santos
(BRA)
| 1 - 0
| AC Milan
(ITA)
| Maracanã,
Rio de Janeiro
|
Both teams tied with 2 points each
Santos won the decisive playoff match
|
|
| 1962
| Santos
(BRA)
| 3 - 2
| Benfica
(POR)
| Maracanã,
Rio de Janeiro
|
Benfica
(POR)
| 2 - 5
| Santos
(BRA)
| Estádio da Luz,
Lisbon
|
| Santos won with 4 points
|
|
| 1961
| Benfica
(POR)
| 1 - 0
| Peñarol
(URU)
| Estádio da Luz,
Lisbon
|
Peñarol
(URU)
| 5 - 0
| Benfica
(POR)
| Centenario Stadium ,
Montevideo
|
Peñarol
(URU)
| 2 - 1
| Benfica
(POR)
| Centenario Stadium ,
Montevideo
|
Both teams tied with 2 points each
Peñarol won the decisive playoff match
|
|
| 1960
| Peñarol
(URU)
| 0 - 0
| Real Madrid
(ESP)
| Centenario Stadium ,
Montevideo
|
Real Madrid
(ESP)
| 5 - 1
| Peñarol
(URU)
| Santiago Bernabéu,
Madrid
|
| Real Madrid won with 3 points
|
|
aet - after extra time
Overall Statistics
By Team
By countries
| Country
| Teams
| Cups
| Years
|
 Argentina | 6 | 9 | (2003 2000 1994 1986 1984 1977 1973 1968 1967)
|
| Italy | 3 | 7 | (1996 1990 1989 1985 1969 1965 1964)
|
 Brazil | 4 | 6 | (1993 1992 1983 1981 1963 1962)
|
 Uruguay | 2 | 6 | (1988 1982 1980 1971 1966 1961)
|
 Spain | 2 | 4 | (2002 1998 1974 1960)
|
 Germany | 2 | 3 | (2001 1997 1976)
|
 Netherlands | 2 | 3 | (1995 1970 1972)
|
 Portugal | 1 | 2 | (1987 2004)
|
 Paraguay | 1 | 1 | (1979)
|
 England | 1 | 1 | (1999)
|
 Yugoslavia | 1 | 1 | (1991)
|
By Continent
Coaches
Carlos Bianchi won three editions as coach: one with Vélez Sársfield in 1994, and 2 with Boca Juniors in 2000 and 2003.
Luis Cubilla and Juan Mugica,
2 Uruguayans won cups both as a player and coaching:
- Luis Cubilla (played for Peñarol in 1961 and for Nacional in 1971; then coached Olimpia Asunción in 1979)
- Juan Mugica (played for Nacional in 1971; and coached it in 1980)
External links
