Ignaz Maybaum (1897 - 1976) was one of the leading Jewish theologians of the 20th Century.

Though Maybaum wrote many reflections on the Holocaust, he is most frequently remembered for the statement that the Holocaust happened because Jews were being punished by God for the sins of the rest of the world. He was connecting the Jewish people to the figure of the "suffering servant" of Isaiah 52 and 53 in the Tanakh (the Christian Old Testament). This stance was controversial and has not been adopted by the Jewish community at large.