Hitachi (常陸国; -no kuni) was an old province of Japan which bordered on Iwashiro, Iwaki, Shimousa, and Shimotsuke provinces. Today the area is Ibaraki prefecture.

The ancient provincial capital and temple were located near modern Ishioka and have been excavated, while the chief shrine was further east at Kashima. In the Sengoku period the area was divided among several daimyo, but the chief castle town was usually the modern city of Mito.