The landgraviate of Hesse-Homburg consisted of two parts, the district of Homburg on the right side of the Rhine, and the district of Meisenheim , which was added in 1815, on the left side of the same river.

After the landgraviate was abolished in 1866, Homburg became part of the Prussian province of Hesse-Nassau, and Meisenheim of the province of the Rhine.

Hesse-Homburg was formed into a separate landgraviate in 1622 by the landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt to be ruled by his son, although it did not become independent of Hesse-Darmstadt until 1668.

It was briefly divided into Hesse-Homburg and Hesse-Homburg-Bingenheim; but these parts were again united in 1681.

In 1806, Hesse-Homburg was incorporated with Hesse-Darmstadt; but in 1815 by the Congress of Vienna the latter state was compelled to recognize the independence of Hesse-Homburg, which was increased by the addition of Meisenhelm.

In 1866, Hesse-Homburg was inherited by the grand-duke of Hesse-Darmstadt, while Meisenheim fell to Prussia. Later that same year these territories were taken from Hesse-Darmstadt again, and the former landgraviate was combined with electorate of Hesse-Kassel, duchy of Nassau, and the free city of Frankfurt to form the Prussian provice of Hesse-Nassau.

Today it forms a part of the German state of Hesse.