Gulu is a district in northern Uganda. "Gulu" may also refer to the district capital of Gulu Town. It is one of three districts forming the historical homeland of the Acholi ethnic group, also known as Acholiland. It lies 332 km north of the capital of Kampala and consists of four counties: Kilak, Achwa, Omoro, and Nwoya. It has historically been seen as the most important and influential of the northern districts. It shares borders with seven other districts as well as Sudan. The 2002 census put the population at 479,496. Over 90% of the population is considered to be agriculturalists. The main highway running from Kampala to the north runs through Gulu District.
It has been the location of much of the insurgent fighting by the Lord's Resistance Army and was the birthplace of both Alice Auma and Joseph Kony. Over 90% of the population has been displaced, mostly into camps clustered around towns and trading centers.
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