Gaspard Fauteux (August 27 1898 - March 29 1963) was a Canadian parliamentarian and Speaker of the Canadian House of Commons (1945-1949) and then Lieutenant-Governor of Quebec (1950-1958).

He was born in St-Hyacinthe , Quebec to a political family. His grandfather, Honoré Mercier and his uncle, Lomer Gouin, were both former Premiers of Quebec. His grandmother's second husband was Liberal MP and later Senator Joseph Godbout .

A dentist by training and then a businessman, he first entered politics at the provincial election defeating Quebec Conservative Party leader and Mayor of Montreal Camillien Houde to win a seat in the Quebec legislature for the Quebec Liberal Party. He lost his seat in 1935 and returned to business. He was first elected to the Canadian House of Commons from the Quebec riding of St. Mary in a 1942 by-election and was re-elected in the 1945 Canadian election by again defeating Camillien Houde and again won his seat in the 1949 Canadian election.

In Parliament, Fauteaux opposed conscription and was a delegate to the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Conference that followed World War II.

Despite his lack of legal training or long tenure in the House he was tapped by William Lyon Mackenzie King to become Speaker following the 1945 election.

His inexperience in parliamentary procedure caused him difficulties in the Chair. He had a habit of making decisions before MPs had presented their arguments.

He preferred the social aspects of the position and entertained and travelled frequently.

He returned to the backbenches after the 1949 election and, in 1950 was appointed Lieutenant-Governor of Quebec by Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent.

|- style="text-align: center;" | width="30%" |Preceded by:
Eugène Fiset | width="40%" style="text-align: center;" |Lieutenant Governor of Quebec
1950–1958 | width="30%" |Succeeded by:
Onésime Gagnon