Wilhelm Friedrich Hemprich (June 24, 1796 - June 30, 1825) was a German naturalist.

Hemprich was born in the Prussian town of Glatz (now Klodzko, Poland) and studied medicine at Breslau and Berlin. It was in Berlin that he became friends with Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg, the two men sharing an interest in natural history.

In 1820 Hemprich and Ehrenberg were invited to serve as naturalists on an expedition to Egypt. During the next few years they travelled up the river Nile, across the Sinai desert, through the Lebanon and along the coasts of the Red Sea, all the time collecting natural history specimens. Hemprich died of fever in the Eritrean port of Massawa.