The Former Liang (Chinese character: 前凉, Hanyu pinyin Qián Liáng) (320-376) was a state of the Sixteen Kingdoms during the Jin Dynasty (265-420) in China. It was founded by the Zhang family of the Han Chinese. Its territories included present-day Gansu and parts of Ningxia, Shaanxi, Qinghai and Xinjiang.
All rulers of the Former Liang remained titularly under the court of the Jin Dynasty (265-420) except Zhang Zuo who proclaimed himself "wang".
Rulers of the Former Liang
| Temple names |
Posthumous names |
Family names and given name |
Durations of reigns |
Era names and their according durations |
| Chinese convention: use family and given names |
| Did not exist |
Cheng (成 Chéng) |
Zhang Mao (張茂 Zhāng Mào) |
320-324 |
Jianxing (建興 Jiànxīng) 320-324
|
| Did not exist |
Zhongcheng (忠成 Zhōngchéng) |
Zhang Jun (張駿 Zhāng Jùn) |
324-346 |
Jianxing (建興 Jiànxīng) 324-346
|
| Did not exist |
Huan (桓 Huán) |
Zhang Chonghua (張重華 Zhāng Chónghuá) |
346-353 |
Jianxing (建興 Jiànxīng) 346-353
|
| Did not exist |
Ai (哀 āi) |
Zhang Yaoling (張曜靈 Zhāng Yàolíng) |
3 months (the ninth to the twelfth month) in 353 |
Jianxing (建興 Jiànxīng) 353
|
| Did not exist |
King Wei (威王 Wēi Wáng) |
Zhang Zuo (張祚 Zhāng Zuò) |
353-355 |
Jianxing (建興 Jiànxīng) 353-354
Heping (和平 Hépíng) 354-355
|
| Did not exist |
Jingdao (敬悼 Jìngdào) or Chong (沖 Chōng) |
Zhang Xuanjing (張玄靖 Zhāng Xuánjìng) |
355-363 |
Jianxing (建興 Jiànxīng) 355-361
Shengping (升平 Shēngpíng) 361-363
|
| Did not exist |
Dao (悼 Dào) |
Zhang Tianxi (張天錫 Zhāng Tiānxí) |
364-376 |
Shengping (升平 Shēngpíng) 364-376
|
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