Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist), formed through the unification of Communist Party of Nepal (Manmohan) and Communist Party of Nepal (Pushpa Lal). CPN(M) was closely connected to Communist Party of India (Marxist).

CPN(M) was a member of the United Left Front and took part in the uprising against the authocratic regime in 1990. In 1991 CPN(M) unified with Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist-Leninist) to form the Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist-Leninist).

Mass organizations of CPN (Marxist) included the Nepal Trade Union Centre and Nepal Progressive Students Union .