Charles Fitzroy (or Palmer) (1662 - September 9, 1730) was the eldest son of Barbara Villiers, Countess of Castlemaine and Charles II. As the putative son of Roger Palmer, 1st Earl of Castlemaine, his nominal father, he became Lord Limerick at birth. His birth marked the separation of his parents; Roger Palmer, a Catholic, had him christened into the Catholic faith, but six days later the King had him rechristened into the Church of England.

In 1670, at the age of eight, Charles was betrothed to Mary, daughter of Sir Henry Wood, Clerk of the Green Cloth, but with the proviso that the marriage be delayed until Mary turned 16. Following the death of her father, Barbara Villiers more or less abducted Mary, with the intention of bringing her up with her own children.

In 1670 Charles was created Duke of Southampton and upon the death of his mother in 1709 he inherited the title of Duke of Cleveland.