The Autobiography of Malcolm X was written by Alex Haley between 1964 and 1965, based on interviews conducted shortly before Malcolm's death (and with an epilogue for after it), and was published in 1972. The book was named by Time magazine as one of the ten most important nonfiction books of the 20th century.

In 2005, historian Manning Marable revealed the existence of three unpublished chapters of the book.