August Cieszkowski (1814-1894) was a Polish philosopher, economist, social and political activist, co-founder of the Polish League (Liga Polska), co-founder and president of the PTPN

Cieszkowski is the creator of, so called, philosophy of action.

References

• Witold Jakóbczyk, Przetrwać na Wartą 1815-1914, Dzieje narodu i państwa polskiego, vol. III-55, Krajowa Agencja Wydawnicza, Warszawa 1989