1865
1865 is a common year starting on Sunday .
Events
January 31 - American Civil War : Confederate General Robert E. Lee becomes general-in-chief.
February - The only known month in History without a Full moon .
February 17 - American Civil War: Columbia, South Carolina burns as Confederate forces flee from advancing Union forces.
February 22 - Tennessee adopts a new constitution that abolishes slavery .
March 3 - The U.S. Congress authorizes formation of the Freedmen's Bureau .
March 13 - American Civil War : The Confederate States of America reluctantly agrees to the use of African American troops.
March 18 - American Civil War: The Congress of the Confederate States of America adjourns for the last time.
March 19 - American Civil War: The Battle of Bentonville begins. By the end of the battle on the 21st the Confederate forces had retreated from Greenville, North Carolina .
March 25 - The "Claywater Meteorite " explodes just before reaching ground level in Vernon County, Wisconsin . Fragments having a combined mass of 1.5 kg were recovered.
March 25 - American Civil War: In Virginia , Confederate forces capture Fort Steadman from the Union.
March 29 - American Civil War: Battle of Appomattox Court House begins .
April 1 - American Civil War: Battle of Five Forks - In Petersburg, Virginia , Confederate General Robert E. Lee begins his final offensive.
April 2 - American Civil War: Confederate President Jefferson Davis and most of his Cabinet flee the Confederate capital of Richmond, Virginia which is taken the next day.
April 6 - German Chemicals producer, Badische Anilin- und Sodafabrik(BASF ) founded in Mannheim .
April 9 - American Civil War: General Robert E. Lee surrenders to Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox , effectively ending the American Civil War.
April 14 - US President Abraham Lincoln is assassinated by John Wilkes Booth .
April 21 - German Chemicals producer BASF moves its headquarters and factories from Mannheim to the Hemshof District of Ludwigshafen .
April 26
April 27 - The steamboat Sultana Mississippi River , killing 1,700, most of whom were Union survivors of the Andersonville Prison .
May 1 - Triple Alliance of Argentina , Brazil and Uruguay against Paraguay is formally signed - War of the Triple Alliance has already begun.
May 10 - American Civil War : Jefferson Davis is captured by Union troops near Irwinville, Georgia .
May 13 - American Civil War: Battle of Palmito Ranch - In far south Texas , more than a month after Confederate General Lee 's surrender, the last land battle of the civil war ends with a Union victory.
May 23 - Parade down Pennsylvania Ave in Washington, DC to celebrate the ending of the American Civil War .
May 25 - Mobile magazine explosion : 300 are killed in Mobile, Alabama when an ordnance depot explodes.
June 2 - American Civil War ends - Forces under Confederate General Edmund Kirby Smith surrender at Galveston, Texas , becoming the last to do so.
June 11 - Brazilian navy squadron defeats Paraguayan navy at Riachualo .
June 23 - American Civil War: At Fort Towson in Oklahoma Territory Confederate General Stand Watie surrenders the last significant rebel army .
July 2 - Salvation Army founded in Whitechapel , London
July 5
July 21 - In the market square of Springfield, Missouri , Wild Bill Hickok shoots Dave Tutt dead in what is regarded as the first true western showdown.
July 27 - Welsh settlers arrive in Argentina at Chubut Valley .
December 10 - Leopold II becomes King of Belgium.
December 18 - Thirteenth Constitutional amendment declared ratified by three-fourths of the States of the United States . It forever abolished slavery.
December 24 - Several US Civil War Confederate veterans form the Ku Klux Klan .
Undated
Births
January 5 - Julio Garavito Armero , Colombian astronomer (d. 1920 )
January 28 - Kaarlo Juho Stċhlberg , President of Finland (d. 1952 )
February 12 - Kazimierz Tetmajer , full name Kazimierz Przerwa-Tetmajer, Polish poet and writer (d. 1940 )
February 19 - Sven Hedin , scientist and explorer (d. 1952 )
March 15 - Edith Maude Eaton , writer (d. 1914 )
March 19 - William Morton Wheeler , American entomologist and ethologist (d. 1937 )
April 9 - Erich Ludendorff , German general in World War (d. 1937 )
May 25 - Pieter Zeeman , Nobel Prize winner (d. 1943 )
May 26 - Robert W. Chambers , artist (d. 1933 )
June 2 - George Lohmann , Surrey bowler (d. 1901 )
June 3 - King George V of the United Kingdom (d. 1936 )
June 9 - Albéric Magnard , composer (d. 1914 )
July 23 - Max Heindel (born Carl Louis von Grasshoff in Denmark ); Christian occultist, astrologer and mystic (d. 1919 )
August 2 - Irving Babbitt , American literary critic (d. 1933 )
August 24 - King Ferdinand of Romania (d. 1927 )
August 27 - James Henry Breasted , Egyptologist (d. 1935 )
October 1 - Paul Dukas , French composer (d. 1935 )
October 17 - James Rudolph Garfield , U.S. politician (d. 1950 )
October 26 - Benjamin Guggenheim , businessman, Titanic 1912 )
November 2 - Warren G. Harding , 29th President of the United States (d. 1923 )
December 8 - Jean Sibelius , composer (d. 1957 )
Deaths
April 1 - John Milton , governor of Florida (b. 1807 )
April 2 - A.P. Hill , Confederate general (b. 1825 )
April 15 - Abraham Lincoln , US President (b. 1809 )
April 26 - John Wilkes Booth , actor and assassin of Abraham Lincoln (b. 1838 )
October 18 - Lord Palmerston , Prime Minister of Britain (b. 1784 )
November 12 - Elizabeth Gaskell , British novelist , biographer (b. 1810 )
November 28 - William Machin Stairs , Nova Scotia businessman, statesman (b. 1789 )
December 10 - Leopold I of Belgium (b. 1790 .
James Barry , British military surgeon
